Internal capsule blood supply drawit to know it

The primary responsibility of the lateral corticospinal tract is to control the voluntary movement of contralateral limbs. The lateral corticospinal tract contains over 90% of the fibers present in the corticospinal tract and runs the length of the spinal cord. Therefore, trunk muscles areВ generallyВ bilaterally cortically innervated. The control is both ipsilateral and contralateral. The anterior corticospinal tract sends fibers mainly to the trunk or axial muscles. The lateral corticospinal tract sends fibers predominantly to the extremity muscles, and the cortical innervation is contralateral, in other words, the left motor cortex controls the right extremities.

The corticospinal tract is the largest descending tract present in humans and is divided intoВ anterior and lateralВ components. On the other hand, damage to lower motor neurons is usually accompanied by muscle atrophy, fasciculations, and flaccid paralysis.Дescending tracts are responsible forВ relaying information from cortical regions to the periphery to initiate and modulate movement. Upper motor neurons (UMN)В can beВ described as the nerve fibers responsible for the communication between the brain to the spinal cord.В Lower motor neurons (LMN) are the nerve fibers responsible for the communication between the spinal cord to muscle.ДЄlthough damage to both UMN and LMN result in muscle weakness, damage to upper motor neurons may result in increased reflexes, increased tone, positive Babinski, and spastic paresis. The corticospinal tract belongs to one of the most important descending tracts of the CNS.В It contains fibers from the upper motor neuronsВ to synapse on the lower motor neurons. These are all nerve fibers covered with myelin sheaths which are derived from oligodendrocytes. These pathways are called white matter tracts in the central nervous system (CNS). There are also pathways connecting different areas of the brain. While it is possible to survive with only one functional kidney, loss of both kidneys requires dialysis or a kidney transplant to filter wastes from the blood.The human body is made of a complex system of ascending and descending pathways that permit communication between the brain and spinal cord.

Interruption of the blood flow to the entire kidney results in kidney failure. Interruption of the blood flow through one of the segmental arteries or their branches results in kidney infarction, where kidney tissue dies and ceases to function. The arteries and arterioles that provide blood flow to the kidneys must maintain sufficient blood flow to keep the tissues of the kidneys alive and also maintain sufficient blood pressure to allow wastes to be separated from the blood. Kidney function is highly dependent upon sufficient blood pressure in the glomeruli. Each interlobular artery forms several afferent arterioles, which end in a bed of capillaries known as glomeruli where blood is filtered to form urine. From the arcuate arteries several branches, known as interlobular arteries, separate at right angles and extend through the renal cortex toward the exterior of the kidney. At the junction between the renal cortex and renal medulla, the interlobar arteries form the arcuate arteries, which turn to follow the contours of the renal pyramids. Each segmental artery enters the hilus of the kidney and divides into several interlobar arteries, which pass through the renal columns between the renal pyramids and carry blood toward the exterior of the kidney. Just before reaching the kidney, each renal artery divides into five segmental arteries, which provide blood to the various regions of the kidney. In the abdomen, the renal arteries branch from the abdominal aorta inferior to the superior mesenteric artery and extend laterally toward the kidneys.

Internal capsule blood supply drawit to know it